Category: Fun Science Activity (Page 71 of 112)

Weekend Science Fun: Steller Sea Lions

Today let’s use the recently released book  Astro: The Steller Sea Lion
by Jeanne Walker Harvey and Illustrated by Shennen Bersani to explore an interesting sea mammal. Astro-the-steller-sea-lion

Astro, who was orphaned at birth and raised by humans, has become an ambassador for his species. If we could interview Astro, here’s what he might have to say:

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Interviewer (from now on in bold): Can you start by you telling our audience what kind of animal you are?

Astro (plain text):  I am a Steller sea lion.

Does that mean you are stellar, like a star?

No, my species is named for Mr. George Wilhelm Steller, a famous explorer and naturalist who discovered us in Alaska in 1741.

I have been to California and seen California sea lions, are you one of those?

No, my species tends to be larger and lighter colored. We are also much less common. In fact, those of us that live along the eastern Pacific coasts are threatened, and those along the western Pacific coasts are endangered.

What does that mean?

It means that if people aren’t careful we could go the way of the Steller’s sea cow.

What is a Steller’s sea cow? I’ve never heard of it.

The Steller’s sea cow was another sea mammal named by Mr. Steller in 1741. They looked sort of like the manatees now found in Florida. They were gentle plant-eating giants. Because the sea cows were good to eat, they were extinct only 27 years after Mr. Steller found them.

Yikes, that is sad. Hope that doesn’t happen to your species.

With luck, this new book will help inform many people about us.

Tell me about “your” new book.

Jeanne Walker Harvey has written the story of my life up to now. She explains how I was orphaned at birth on an island off the coast of California. A scientist found me and took me to the Marine Mammal  Center. The humans took really good care of me. In fact, whenever they tried to send me back to the wild, I just kept coming back to them. Finally, they found a home for me at the Mystic Aquarium in Connecticut, where I live now.

And you know the best part?

What’s that?

Jeanne is donating a percentage of the royalties from the book to both the Marine Mammal Center and to Mystic Aquarium.  Think of all the sea creatures like me that will help.

Anything else about the book?

What I want to know is how Shennen Bersani did those fantastic illustrations. She always shows my best side.

Hey, I thought I was asking the questions.

Didn’t you write to her?

Yes, I asked her how she made the illustrations and here’s what she said:

I’ve been using colored pencils for a long time, I’ve even taught classes and workshops on their use… so most of what you see in Astro is colored pencil on Arches watercolor paper, with a splash of acrylic paint.”

How are the colored pencils so rich? They look like photographs, only much more luminescent.

Layers!  Layer upon layer of pencil is used with a ‘toothy’ paper.  Layers are the best way to explain it.  Does that explanation help?  I use a graphite pencil, nothing fancy there, to draw out the image on the Arches.  (You can see some of my actual sketches turned into coloring pages on the Sylvan Dell website under Astro Teaching Activities.)  Then I color them in with the colored pencils, and highlight some areas with acrylic paint.

Many of the people look like my real friends. How did she do that?

About the models, Shennen Bersani said:

I traveled cross-country to step in Astro’s, umm flippers.  I met with some of the actual people who worked with Astro – and included likenesses of them when possible. I also had fun including my family members, friends, neighbors, and myself.

Isn’t that fun? We should tell the children in the audience to check out Shennen Bersani’s picture in the back of the book and on her website, and then look for her in the illustrations. It will be our little secret.

Would you tell her that I appreciate all her hard work?

I think she knows. So, Astro, do you think there will be a sequel to your book?

Actually, I was thinking I’d make a great movie star!

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If you are interested in using this book as a teaching tool, visit Sylvan Dell Publishing’s Astro page for Teaching Activities in the form of a .pdf booklet.

Check out how you can use zoo or aquarium observations as a science project at Dragonfly TV.

The Sea World Education Department has downloadable .pdf teacher’s guides on Seals, Sea Lions, and Walruses (scroll down page for links), as well as other ocean-related topics.

Have you ever seen the California sea lions at Pier 39 in San Francisco, California?

sea-lions

The California Academy of Sciences has a video that explains why their numbers have recently decreased and also why tagging certain individuals gives us useful information.

And here’s a video of Astro in action. I think he’s right, he would make a great movie star.


Disclosure: The book was provided for review. Also, I am an affiliate for Amazon. If you click through the linked titles or ads and make a purchase, I will receive a small commission at no extra charge to you. Proceeds will be used to maintain this self-hosted blog.

Weekend Science Fun: Smart Materials

Have you heard of “smart materials?” After reading about them in Chemistry:  Getting a Big Reaction by Simon Basher and Dan Green (see review at Wrapped in Foil), I had to find out more. chemistry-basher

The term “smart materials” seems rather vague, but in chemistry and physics it has a distinct meaning. Smart materials are a relatively newly-discovered (mostly in the last 30 years) set of substances that are getting a lot of attention because of their astonishing abilities to react to the environment.

Smart materials may react to changes in:

  • temperature
  • light levels or ultraviolet levels
  • pH
  • pressure
  • voltage, etc.

in amazing ways.

Examples:

1. Shape-memory alloys are mixes of metals with the ability to be bent and stretched out of shape and then return to a coil when heated.

This Steve Spangle video shows an example of a nickel-titanium alloy:

Does anyone know where you can buy some of this?

Steve Spangler has a memory metal experiment, but I couldn’t find it listed as a product.

2. Shape-memory polymers are plastics that also change shape when exposed to heated water.

Check out this sample from… well, you will know where it is from if you watch the video. 🙂

3. Thermochromic paint contains pigments that change color at different temperatures.

You can sometimes find plastic toys that are meant to be put into the bathtub. If the water is too hot, the toys will let you know because they change color. In the future your walls may change color throughout the day with changes in temperature.

4. Photochromic paint or pigments change color at different light levels.

In this video you will see some beads that indicate whether you are being exposed to UV light or not.

Activity suggestions and more information about Solar -UV Beads and how they work.

You can find Solar or UV-sensitive beads from a number of different retailers, including Amazon (Ad is affiliate link to Amazon).


5. Electrochromic materials in LCD’s that are voltage sensitive and change the color of the screen.

Smart materials are already being used in eyeglass frames that return to shape after being smashed, and in certain dental appliances. Can you imagine such futuristic applications as repairing dents in your fender by applying heat? How about taking wrinkles out of clothes with the warmth of a hair dryer, as seen in this video?

Aren’t smart materials extremely cool? If you have any sources of smart materials and/or activity ideas to share, please let me know.

Weekend Science Fun: Water Sloshing

This morning I asked myself a simple question:  “Why, when I’m carrying the cat’s full water bowl up the stairs, does the water slosh over at the top step?”

A question like this can often generate some interesting science.

Gather:

  • a couple of sturdy mixing or soup bowls with sloped sides, at least two different sizes
  • a straight-sided bowl, such as a casserole dish
  • water
  • metronome (optional)
  • water-proof clothing such as a rain jacket (if it is cold out or if the children can’t change clothes if they get wet.)
  • measuring cups (optional)

This is probably best done outside where a little spilled water won’t be a problem. First fill one bowl with water and see what happens when you walk with it held out in front of of you. Does the water begin to move back and forth? What happens when you stop?

Now compare that with a bigger or smaller bowl. Does more water go out over the edge with a big bowl or a small bowl? What about slope sides versus straight sides?

If you have a metronome, try walking at a constant slow pace versus a constant fast pace. See any differences?

You can actually make this more scientific by measuring the amount of water you put into the bowl and how much you have at the end with liquid measuring cups.

What we are seeing is the resonance, or the swing, of the water. When the swing gets big enough, over the edge it goes. This may not seem so important until you realize that the same sorts of forces are acting on the waves and tides of the oceans.

My son suggests I carry the water up the stairs in a straight-sided pitcher. Based on your studies, what do you think of that idea?

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