Category: nature (Page 7 of 27)

Great Migrations at National Geographic

In case you haven’t “heard,” National Geographic Channel has a seven-part series coming in November called Great Migrations (links are no longer available). Affiliated with the television event are a number of educational opportunities you might want to investigate.

Accompanying the series is a children’s book, Great Migrations:  Whales, Wildebeests, Butterflies, Elephants, and Other Amazing Animals on the Move by Elizabeth Carney.

Great Migrations contains the dramatic, stunning photographs you have come to expect from National Geographic. Each animal is given a four page spread. The first two pages are amazing scenes in vibrant color. The second two pages are facts about the migrations those animals take that includes a map of the region where the animals occur (geography lesson).

I do have one caveat. The font on these informational pages jumps around drastically in color and size, even within a paragraph. While this is eye-catching from a design point of view, on the other hand it is a real challenge for beginning and struggling readers to follow.

If you are going to watch the series and want to have a reference on hand to emphasize points or delve a bit further into details, then this book could be a useful tool. It will be sure to get children interested in learning more.

There is also an adult book, Great Migrations by K. M. Kostyal, which I haven’t seen yet.

This trailer to give you an idea what the series is like (may not be suitable for sensitive children):

Isn’t that stunning?

Note:  I’m sure there will be some scenes of predators capturing prey in the actual show, so it may not be suitable for young or highly-sensitive children.

More information:

Great Migrations: Whales, Wildebeests, Butterflies, Elephants, and Other Amazing Animals on the Move

Reading level: Ages 9-12
Hardcover: 48 pages
Publisher: National Geographic Children’s Books (October 12, 2010)
Language: English
ISBN-10: 1426307004
ISBN-13: 978-1426307003

and

Great Migrations by K. M. Kostyal

Festival of the Trees #50: Through a Child’s Eyes

festival-childs-eye-logoDuring autumn the attention of the children should be attracted to the leaves by their gorgeous colors. It is well to use this interest to cultivate their knowledge of the forms of leaves of trees; but the teaching of the tree species to the young child should be done quite incidentally and guardedly. If the teacher says to the child bringing the leaf, “This is a white oak leaf,” the child will soon quite unconsciously learn that leaf by name.

~Anna Botsford Comstock, “How to Begin Tree Study” in Handbook of Nature Study

And with these words of wisdom, let’s start the 50th edition of the Festival of the Trees:  Through a Child’s Eyes.

What better way to introduce children to the wonders of trees than a gentle walk in the woods?

In Trees, JSK at Anybody Seen My Focus? takes us on a beautiful walk through Fort Yargo State Park in Barrow County, Georgia.

At the Handbook of Nature Study blogspot, Barb has a list of ways to train your senses during Summer Tree Observations. We often forget our senses of touch, hearing and smell when walking in the woods, and children can definitely benefit from using all their senses to explore trees. Barb’s blogspot has lovely nature sounds that play automatically when you visit.

Once a child has developed an interest in trees, you might want to explore the life cycle of a tree. How do trees get there? How do trees make seeds?

Welcome to Mike at Slugyard, who introduces us to how a walnut sprouts in Where do trees come from? How lucky to be able to find a seedling from a nut the squirrels hadn’t eaten.

We discovered ash samaras in our yard last week, and learned about ash trees.

Your children might want to try sprouting some of their own seeds. Vikki’s Veranda has a post about How to grow a cherry tree from seed as well.

crayons

Anna Comstock was an artist as well as writer and naturalist, and she recommended classifying leaves according to color and form and “thus train the eye to discriminate tints and color values.” Art, trees and children go together naturally.

There are a number of art projects in the chapter on trees in the Handbook of Nature Study. You can download the book here. (Remember that this book was written near the turn of the last century and many things have changed. For example, in the instructions on how to make a leaf print, there is no need to dilute the printers ink with gasoline. Yikes!)

In Art through a kid’s eye, Kimber at A Journey in Creativity blog shows us a page from her niece’s altered book project where she has done some torn paper collage trees. Altered books are a terrific way to re-purpose old books.

Making bark rubbings incorporates both art and science, and is a great excuse to get outdoors to play around with trees.

bark-rubbing-crayon

Hold a piece of paper firmly against a tree trunk and rub back and forth. You can use crayon or charcoal.

bark-rubbing

While children are experiencing the tough, rough feel of bark, it is a chance to explain how the delicate cambium lives just under the bark and how removing or damaging the bark can kill a tree. Doesn’t seem possible that something so tough could be so fragile.

festival-tree-cedar

Children can also explore trees through reading, writing, and storytelling.

In his ode to Trees, Joyce Kilmer said:
I think that I shall never see
A poem lovely as a tree….

Regardless of that sentiment, trees inspire poetry. Encourage your children to read and write poems about trees.

Dave Bonta has translated the poem To a Child in a Tree, by Jorge Teillier at Via Negativa. The poem is a celebration of tree climbing (More about that in the next section).

Kristine O’Connell George reads from her book of poems Old Elm Speaks at this link on her website.

Carol at Where will you journey to? reminds us that trees inspire stories and tales, such as the adventures of Winnie the Pooh in the Hundred Acre Woods. She repeats a fascinating tale her husband dreamed when he was young called the woodcutter.

Our own list of books about trees for children reflects our passion for nonfiction books. Reading books is always an adventure.

tree-festival-tree-house

For an even bigger adventure, how about tree climbing and tree forts? Anna Botsford Comstock once climbed a tree during recess at her school and then refused to come down when she felt her teacher treated her unfairly. A few years later she was teaching at that school herself.

Caro at Caro & Co. has a celebration of sweet gum trees and a humorous report of tree climbing at Love me, love my conkers – Plants kids can play with #2.

Jade Blackwater grabs our attention with a fabulous childhood activity in The Making of Good Tree Forts at Brainripples. She has many good tips about creating a tree fort and what to do if you don’t have a backyard full of appropriate trees. Brings back fond memories, doesn’t it?

For more fun ideas of things to do outside, Emily has links to several kid-oriented nature organizations at The Maine Family: Outside

.

tree-festival-leaf

Finally, a way to excite children about trees that doesn’t require going outside is to brainstorm a list of all the foods that come from trees, and then have a tree-inspired snack. Here’s a short list to get you started:

  • maple syrup
  • apples
  • peaches
  • pears
  • cherries
  • walnuts
  • pecans
  • hickory nuts
  • dates
  • carob
  • chocolate
  • mesquite (use the beans to make flour)
  • saguaro fruit
  • cinnamon
  • lemons
  • oranges
  • mulberries
  • persimmons

I’ll bet you can list many more.

Here’s a recipe for Bread from Trees.

Can you guess all the ingredients that come from trees?

In a large bowl combine:
2 1/4 cups all-purpose flour
2 teaspoons baking powder
1/2 teaspoon baking soda
1/2 teaspoon cinnamon

In a separate bowl mix:
2/3 cup maple syrup, or to taste
1/2 cup warm decaffeinated coffee*
1 1/3 cup pitted, snipped dates (May substitute chopped dried apricots)
1 cup apples, peeled, cored and grated
1/2 cup chopped walnuts
1 egg beaten
2 Tablespoons melted butter or margarine

Add moist ingredients to the dry ones, and stir until just moistened. Pour into a 9” by 5” by 3” greased loaf (bread) pan. Bake at 350° F for 60 to 65 minutes.

*Please ask an adult to assist with preparing or heating the coffee

Enjoy!

And Jade just sent me a link to a wonderful Plum Cake recipe from Amid the Olive Trees. Looks scrumptious.

It turns out the next Festival of the Trees host, Peg at  Orchards Forever has chosen the theme “edible trees.” If you write about one of these wonderful trees, send links to Peg at amberapple [at] gmail [dot] com by August 29.

A special “thank you” to everyone who participated.

Festival of the Trees

Tree Science for Children

I’m “sprucing” things up here at Growing with Science in preparation for hosting the Festival of the Trees Carnival (edit:  now defunct) at the end of the month. For the next few weekend science fun posts, we’ll be learning about trees and doing some fun tree science activities.

I. What is a tree?

Most of us recognize a big tree when we see one, but sometimes it may be hard to tell whether a plant is a large shrub or a small tree. What do you think? Brainstorm and write down all the words you use to describe a tree.

One definition might be “a tree is a perennial, woody plant that grows to at least 20 feet tall and has an erect (straight up) main stem.” Talk about what that means and if all the trees you know will fit this definition. Can you think of something more? Let us know what you decide.

trees2

II. Why study trees?

Trees are so important. Can you think of a list of benefits of trees? Here’s just a few we thought of:

  • shade (really important in Arizona!)
  • food and shelter for wildlife
  • rubber
  • paper and paper products
  • source of wood products such as furniture, houses, pencils, musical instruments
  • food for us
  • fuel for heating
  • medicines such as aspirin and quinine
  • produce oxygen
  • conserve water
  • reduce pollution

Can you add to this list? Do some research to find more benefits of trees, for example an extensive list and more links at Canopy.org.

III. External Parts of a Tree:  Make a Word Tree .

Find an appropriately sized tree where children can label the following parts.

Vocabulary:

  • bark
  • trunk
  • crown
  • leaf/needle
  • branches
  • roots
  • twigs
  • nuts
  • fruit
  • flowers
  • buds

Make index cards with each of these names (make sure you have at least one card for each child participating.) Punch holes in the cards with a hole punch.  Cut pieces of yarn of various lengths. H

Have the children attach the cards to the correct parts of a tree with pieces of yarn – a fun way to decorate a tree. Take extra cards and draw any parts that are missing, such as flowers, nuts or fruit. Add those to the tree where they might be found. Older children can discuss the function of each of the parts, such as roots hold up the tree (support) and bring water into the tree.

Note:  Scissors speed up card removal when you are finished.

 

tree-parts

 

Sketching trees is a good way to learn the shape of different kinds. Sketch a tree from a photograph and label the parts if you can’t go outside.

IV. How Trees Grow – The Internal Parts of a Tree

See if you can find a “tree cookie,” a cross-sectional piece of wood through a tree trunk. Tree cookies are often available at craft stores. Those with the bark still on are the best.

Internal parts of a tree:

  • cambium – layer of active cells that divide to form inner bark and sapwood
  • sapwood
  • xylem – water carrying elements (in sapwood)
  • phloem-food carrying elements (inner bark)
  • heartwood

Look at the tree cookie and see how new rings are added each year. Explain how the tree only grows from the cambium and cutting it (for example by carving initials on a living tree), damages its ability to grow and live. A fun demonstration of how a tree grows might be to add layers of clothes to a doll or person, to show how the tree expands by adding layers. See if you can tell how old the tree that made the tree cookie was when it was cut down by counting the rings.

Public domain image by Brer Lappin at Wikimedia.

Additional Resources:

Hope you enjoy our celebration of tees this month. If you have any suggestions for activities or websites, please let us know.

trees1

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